TOEFL Complete Test - Reading Comprehension 30-39

Questions 30-39

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping industries across the globe, and this raises a significant concern that AI will eventually disrupt the job market. As AI technologies become more sophisticated, they are increasingly capable of performing tasks that were once the domain of human workers. This shift threatens a wide range of jobs, from those in manufacturing and logistics to roles in customer service, healthcare, and even creative industries. Automation powered by AI can streamline processes, improve efficiency, and reduce costs. However, these benefits often come at the expense of human employment.

Through automation, robots and AI can replace manual labors that were previously done by humans. In industries such as manufacturing, AI-driven systems can replace human labor in tasks like assembly, inspection, and quality control. However, there are some tasks that cannot be done by AI, especially the ones related to emotional intelligence, creativity, and innovation.

In addition to replacing manual labor, AI also has the capacity to take over white-collar jobs. Many professions that require cognitive abilities, such as accounting, are at risk of being automated. As AI systems become more adept at processing complex information and making decisions, the need for human expertise in certain fields will diminish. This can lead to significant job losses in industries that rely on specialized knowledge and skills.

While the threat of job displacement is real, it is not all doom and gloom. AI could also create new opportunities by generating demand for new roles, particularly in areas such as AI development, machine learning, and data science. However, these new roles may require highly specialized skills, which means workers will need to undergo retraining to remain competitive in the job market. The challenge lies in ensuring that displaced workers have access to the resources and training needed to adapt to this changing landscape. The future of work will undoubtedly be shaped by AI, but the extent of its impact will depend on how society responds to these challenges.

30. The best title for this passage would be

(A) Jobs Threatened by Artificial Intelligence

(B) AI Revolution in Competitive Job Market

(D) The Inevitable Battle between Human and Artificial Intelligence

31. The word "sophisticated" in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) complicated

(B) underdeveloped

(D) stagnant

32. The expression "adept at processing complex information" in lines 14- could best be replaced by

(A) can adapt to new progress using information

(B) adopt a better information process

(D) affect data analysis based on complex information

33. It can be inferred from the passage that professional workers

(A) are immune to AI revolution

(B) can adapt to the transformation of job market

(D) are also affected by the use of AI

34. According to the passage, AI will create jobs that

(A) push workers to master new skills

(B) make job training unnecessary

(D) enable everyone to adapt to the rapid technological development

35. The word "adept" in line 9 could most easily be replaced by

(A) adaptive

(B) profficient

(D) swift

36. The word "this" in line 10 refers to

(A) the rapid growth of automation

(B) the development of artificial intelligence

(D) the constantly changing job market

37. The word "fields" in line 9 could be best replaced by

(A) courts

(B) domains

(D) ranks

38. Where in the passage does the author explain that AI makes human's role in manual labor obsolete?

(A) Line 1-4

(B) Line 5-7

(D) Line 11-14

39. The paragraph followings the passage probably discusses

(A) several measures taken to deal with the job market disruption caused by AI

(B) examples of AI that have been developed

(D) problems resulted from the use of AI in major industries

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Untuk pengerjaan soal nomor 30-39, klik tautan berikut Reading Comprehension Nomor 40-50

TOEFL Complete Test - Reading Comprehension 20-29

Questions 20-29

Another thing that is truly detrimental to human's health is high stress level. Stress is a natural response to external pressures or challenges, and it is something everyone experiences at some point in their lives. Sometimes, stress can be positive. It causes human's body to release adrenaline which enhances performance and builds resilience. However, it can also have negative impacts.

Stress can be triggered by a variety of situations, such as work deadlines, financial problems, or personal issues. While stress is a normal part of life, it can become problematic if it is chronic or overwhelming. In case of chronic stress, the feeling of being pressured persist over an extended period of time and can be debilitating. Prolonged exposure to stress can have negative effects on both mental and physical health.

Chronic stress can lead to serious health issues. It has been linked to conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and weakened immune system. Mentally, stress can cause anxiety, depression, and difficulty concentrating. As a result, individuals who experience chronic stress may find it difficult to perform daily tasks or maintain relationships. In extreme cases, stress can contribute to burnout, where a person feels completely exhausted and unable to cope with life’s demands.

20. The paragraph preceding the passage most probably discusses

(A) How stress affects human's health

(B) The detrimental effects of high stress level

(D) External factors that cause cronic stress

21. Which of the followings is true about stress?

(A) It naturally occurs when humans are faced with challenges

(B) It only has impact on human's mental health

(D) It has little to no effect on human's physical health

22. The word "detrimental" in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the followings

(A) positive

(B) destructive

(D) common

23. It can be inferred from the passage that "chronic" means

(A) is not recurring

(B) does not require constant treatment

(D) poses a serious threat

24. Which is not true about chronic stress?

(A) it makes people feel weak and helpless

(B) it can cause minor health issues

(D) it can make vulnerable to various illnesses

25. According to the passage, chronic stress can do the followings to a person, except

(A) it makes them extremely exhausted

(B) it makes it hard for them to perform their duties

(D) it makes people unable to have healthy relation

26. The word "anxiety" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) disease

(B) apprehension

(D) injury

27. According to the passage, how adrenalin can be beneficial?

(A) it reduces stress and the risks that come with it

(B) it hinders someone's performance

(D) it shows the early symptoms of chronic stress

28. Where in the passage does the author explain that stress is not uncommon?

(A) Line 1-2

(B) Line 3-4

(D) Line 7-9

29. The followings are how chronic stress mentally affects a person, except

(A) It makes them feel anxious

(B) It makes them depressed

(D) It makes them unable to focus

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Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk pengerjaan soal nomor 30-39, klik tautan berikut Reading Comprehension Nomor 30-39

TOEFL Complete Test - Reading Comprehension 11-19

Questions 11-19

Urbanization, the process by which more and more people leave rural areas to live in cities and towns, has been a significant global trend over the past few decades. As more people migrate from rural areas to urban centers, cities continue to grow in size and complexity. While urbanization can offer economic and social advantages, it also brings challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable development.

One of the main benefits of urbanization is the better access to job opportunities and education for individuals. By pursuing education and getting a job in city, people can improve their quality of life. In rural areas, job opportunities are often limited to agriculture. Rural areas also have limited access to services due to a lack of infrastructure, funding, and other factors.

However, urbanization also presents significant challenges. Rapid city growth can lead to socioeconomic and environmental problems. As urban population continues to grow, housing becomes less affordable and this often results in the overcrowding or even homelessness. In some cases, people move to city without a skill and end up being jobless in the city. This, in turn, causes other problems such as higher crime rate and economic inequality in big cities. Urbanization also has negative effects on the environment. Big cities often have traffic congestion and waste management issues, leading to pollution that negatively impacts the environment and the quality of life.

11. The topic of the passage is

(A) Challenges presented by urbanization

(B) How urbanization negatively impacts rural areas

(D) The negative impacts of urbanization on individuals

12. It can inferred from the passage that urbanization

(A) makes housing price soar

(B) ensures the distribution of wealth and the improvement of social status

(D) makes it possible for everyone to have a decent job

13. The word "migrate" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) overseas

(B) relocate

(D) settle

14. The passage states that in rural areas,

(A) there is a variety of jobs available

(B) homeless people can hardly be found

(D) people rely heavily on agricultural sector

15. The word "affordable" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) costly

(B) high-end

(D) inexpensive

16. It can be inferred from the passage that urbanization can cause the followings, except

(A) higher crime rate in cities

(B) environmental issues

(D) lower quality of life due to pollution

17. The word "lack" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) scarcity

(B) difficulty

(D) uncertainty

18. According to the passage, people who move to the city

(A) are in search of career in agricultural sector

(B) have the required competence to enter the job market

(D) always have high quality of life

19. The passage states that one the reasons why people move to urban areas is

(A) the availability of various services in rural areas

(B) higher crime rate in rural areas

(D) poor infrastructure in rural areas

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Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk pengerjaan soal nomor 11-19, klik tautan berikut Reading Comprehension Nomor 20-29

TOEFL Complete Test - Reading Comprehension 1-10

Instruksi Pengerjaan

Sebelum mengerjakan soal Reading Comprehension, silahkan siapkan timer dan atur durasi pengerjaan selama 55 menit (untuk pertanyaan 1 s.d. 50). Agar hasil pengerjaan bisa lebih akurat memprediksi skor akhir Anda nanti, terapkan time pressure seperti tes asli dan kerjakan soal dalam satu kali percobaan. Kunci jawaban dan pembahasan dapat Anda lihat pada akhir tes. Selamat mengerjakan.

Before attempting the test, set a timer to 55 minutes (for questions number 1 to 50). You need to feel the time pressure of the real test, so you can assess your ability to complete TOEFL Structure and Written Expression. Do not re-attempt the test, key answer and explanation of each question will be given to you at the end of the test. Good luck.

Reading Simulation Test

Time – 55 minutes

This part of the test is used to measure your ability to read and understand short passages.

Directions: There will be several passages that are followed by several questions. You have to answer based on what is said or what is stated in the passage and choose the correct answer (A), (B), (C) or (D). Find the number related to the question in your test book, and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer that you have chosen.

Take a look at this sample passage:

Sleep paralysis is a condition in which someone feels like being conscious but unable to speak or move. It happens because their body is already in sleep mode but their brain is still active. There are two types of sleep paralysis. The first one is predormital sleep paralysis, which happens while a person is falling asleep. Sleep paralysis can also happen as a person is waking up, and this is called postdormital sleep paralysis. When having a sleep paralysis, someone may see things that are not there, and this make them very scared. They also feel a choking sensation. In some cases, sleep paralysis may keep people up at night. If this happens, they may have to see a doctor who specializes in sleep condition for further evaluation.

Example

Which of the followings is true about sleep paralysis?

(A) It happens when the brain is not active

(B) There is only one type of sleep paralysis

(D) It cannot be examined or treated

According to the passage, sleep paralysis may keep people up at night, so you should choose (C).

Now, go on and start working on the questions below.

Questions 1-10

In recent decades, California has witnessed some of the most significant increase in the length and extremety of fire season. This has resulted in massive wildfires such as the Valley Fire in 2015, Tubbs Fire in 2017, and Camp Fire in 2018. California is prone to wildfires due to natural and human factors. One of the natural causes of such disaster in a fire-prone area like California is the long drought. Due to the previous wet season, the area witnesses growth of shrubs, grasses and trees which ultimately become perfect fuels for the fire. The other common natural causes of fire are lightning and wind. When a lightning strikes the dry vegetation and starts a fire, the flame grows substantially and spreads rapidly as the wind blows the fire. The wind makes the movement of the fire less predictable, making it more difficult to contain.

The wildfire can also be caused by human factors. Sometimes, fire is caused by power lines. When there is strong wind, two power lines may come into contact with each other. This can create an electrical arc that deposits high temperature, molten material onto the ground. The material comes into contact with dry vegetation or other flammable materials, causing a fire. Sadly, fire can also be caused be an arson, which means that someone deliberately starts the fire, resulting in damages, injuries and loss of life.

1. The topic of the passage is

(A) The natural causes of wildfires in California

(B) Several causes of wildfires in California

(D) Several measures taken to overcome fire in California

2. It can inferred from the passage that the the wind

(A) helps contain the wildfires

(B) prevents the fire from spreading

(D) is the only factor hindering the containment of fire

3. The word "prone" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) vulnerable

(B) resistant

(D) irreversible

4.It can be inferred from the passage that an arson

(A) accidentally starts a fire

(B) hinders the containment of wildfires

(D) sets a fire on purpose

5. The word "contain" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) carry

(B) put out

(D) include

6. It can be inferred from the passage that wildfires can cause the followings, except

(A) casualty

(B) harm

(D) dry season

7. The word "flammable" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) combustible

(B) stable

(D) unsafe

8. According to the passage, the wet season

(A) also exacerbates the wildfires

(B) helps prevent the spread of fire

(D) overcomes the wildfires

9. The passage states that the duration of fire season in California

(A) remains the same

(B) is shorter than it used to be

(D) is longer than usual

10. According to the passage, which of the followings is not true about the wind

(A) makes the fire more unpredictable

(B) is one of the common natural factors of wildfires

(D) can be helpful to contain the fire

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Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk pengerjaan soal nomor 11-19, klik tautan berikut Reading Comprehension Nomor 11-19

TOEFL Complete Test - Written Expression

Written Expression

Directions: In question 16-40, there are four underlined words or phrases in a sentence, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). One of these underlined words or phrases contains a grammatical error. Identify the error. Fill the space corresponding to the letter in your answer sheet.

Look at an example below.

Komodo dragons can paralyzes (A) larger preys (B) with their (C) poisonous (D) saliva

The sentence above should be written as follows: Komodo dragons can paralyze larger preys with their poisonous saliva. Therefore, you should choose option (A).

Take a look at another example below.

In North America (A), jaywalking is regulate (B) only at (C) provincial (D) and municipal level

The sentence above should read “In North America, jaywalking is regulated only at provincial and municipal level. Therefore, you should choose option (B).

Go on and answer the questions below.

16. Political unrest (A) and unstable economy can leads (B) to capital outflow (C), which will be a huge loss (D) for a country

(A) unrest

(B) can leads

(D) a huge loss

17. Koala and sloth spend mostly (A) of their time sleeping (B) in a tree (C) because they (D) have slow metabolism

(A) mostly

(B) sleeping

(D) they

18. Some people loose (A) all of their (B) money in a very risky (C) investment such as crypto and stock market (D)

(A) loose

(B) their

(D) stock market

19. The gold standard is a monetary (A) system of which (B) the value of a country's (C) currency is directly (D) linked to gold

(A) a monetary

(B) of which

(D) directly

20. Since (A) January 2020, Indonesia has banned (B) the export of nickel ore, considered (C) that it can be turned into (D) lithium battery used for electric cars

(A) Since

(B) has banned

(D) turned into

21. Allied forces (A) were a coalition of countries that (B) fought against the Axis powers (C) in the World War II (D)

(A) Allied forces

(B) that

(D) the World War II

22. Claude Monet is known for (A) being a leader of the impressionist movement whom (B) paintings are characterized by the use (C) of color, light, and loose brush strokes (D)

(A) known for

(B) whom

(D) brush strokes

23. Because early cameras cannot record (A) sound, silent movies were made (B) without sound (C) and often accompanied by (D) live music or phonographs

(A) cannot record

(B) were made

(D) accompanied by

24. Companies outsource work to (A) third parties because it is proven (B) to be less costly (C) and more profitably (D)

(A) outsource work to

(B) it is proven

(D) more profitably

25. Credit score (A) and adequate income (B) are two of the most common requirement (C) for a home equity loan (D)

(A) Credit score

(B) adequate income

(D) loan

26. While the more affluent (A) middle class are enjoying (B) prosperity and live (C) an extravagant life, those (D) who live in poverty are struggling just to survive

(A) the more affluent

(B) are enjoying

(D) those

27. Billie Holiday was (A) an amerincan sing (B) that has made (C) a significant contribution (D) to jazz music

(A) was

(B) sing

(D) a significant contribution

28. Education and experience are two (A) of the most common criterions (B) that have to be met (C) by a job applicant (D)

(A) are two

(B) criterions

(D) a job applicant

29. It takes (A) the earth 365.25 days (B) to orbit around (C)the sun, which is also known as (D) the solar year

(A) It takes

(B) 365.25 days

(D) known as

30. Many countries have abolished (A) the death penalty because (B) it violates the right living (C), which is one of the most fundamental human rights (D)

(A) have abolished

(B) because

(D) human rights

31. At the bottom (A) of the sea is the ruins (B) of sunken ship, which often contain (C) hidden treasure such as precious metals and perfumes(D)

(A) At the bottom

(B) is the ruins

(D) precious metals and perfumes

32. Maple wood is considered (A) excellent for guitars because of (B) its strength to weight ratio (C) and beautiful asthetic qualities (D)

(A) is considered

(B) because of

(D) qualities

33. Others than (A) financial difficulties, compulsive buying may also result in (B) the feeling (C) of guilt and shame (D)

(A) Others than

(B) result in

(D) shame

34. Carbon monoxide is one (A) of the toxic gases (B) that can cause adverse health effect (C) if it inhaled (D)

(A) one

(B) gases

(D) it inhaled

35. Despite some controversies (A), government passes stricter (B) immigration laws to the address (C) concerns related to economic and social problems (D)

(A) some controversies

(B) stricter

(D) problems

36. Cumulonimbus clouds, or commonly known (A) as thunderclouds, are dense, heavy clouds (B) that can produce (C) lightning, thunder, and precipitation heavy (D)

(A) commonly known

(B) heavy clouds

(D) precipitation heavy

37.Quartz is made of (A) oxygen and silicon, two most abundance (B) chemical (C) elements on Earth (D)

(A) made of

(B) abundance

(D) on Earth

38.Known for it's (A) aggressive and dynamic nature (B), Sicilian Dragon is a highly respected (C) opening at the top levels (D) of chess

(A) it's

(B) nature

(D) top levels

39.Mice are used (A) for various (B) medical research because they (C) are genetically similar as (D) humans

(A) are used

(B) various

(D) similar as

40. Concrete often become (A) the best choice for driveways (B) and pavement because it is more durable (C) and requires less maintenance (D)

(A) become

(B) for driveways

(D) less maintenance

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Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk TOEFL Reading Comprehension, klik pada tautan berikut TOEFL Reading Comprehension 1-10

TOEFL Complete Test - Structure and Written Expression

Instruksi Pengerjaan

Sebelum mengerjakan soal Structure and Written Expression, silahkan siapkan timer dan atur durasi pengerjaan selama 25 menit (untuk pertanyaan 1 s.d. 40). Agar hasil pengerjaan bisa lebih akurat memprediksi skor akhir Anda nanti, terapkan time pressure seperti tes asli dan kerjakan soal dalam satu kali percobaan. Kunci jawaban dan pembahasan dapat Anda lihat pada akhir tes. Selamat mengerjakan.

Before attempting the test, set a timer to 25 minutes (for questions number 1 to 40). You need to feel the time pressure of the real test, so you can assess your ability to complete TOEFL Structure and Written Expression. Do not re-attempt the test, key answer and explanation of each question will be given to you at the end of the test. Good luck.

Structure and Written Expression Simulation Test

Time – 25 minutes

This test measures your mastery of Standard English and its appropriate usage. There are two types of test in this section, each with special instruction.

Structure

Directions: Questions 1-15 contain incomplete sentences. There will be four options beneath each question, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose an option which contains a word or a phrase which will complete the sentence. After that, fill the space corresponding to the letter (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer sheet.

Take a look at an example below!

Trees always ______________ nutrients, water and light to grow taller

(A) are needing

(B) needs

(D) need

The complete sentence should read “Trees always need nutrients, water and light to grow taller”. Therefore, you should choose option (D)

Take a look at another example below!

Water will evaporate when ______________ at 100°C

(A) heat

(B) is heated

(D) it is heating

The complete sentence should read “Water will evaporate when heated at 100°C”. Therefore, you should choose option (C)

Now, start working on the questions below

1. During photosynthesis, plants _____________ light, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in form of glucose

(A) use

(B) using

(D) is using

2. Mesopotamia _____________ to be the oldest civilization located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

(A) believes

(B) believed

(D) is believed

3. Jupiter is ______________ planet in the solar system

(A) largest

(B) the largest

(D) the most largest

4.The largest animal on earth, ______________ can attain a length of nearly 100 feet

(A) the blue whales,

(B) they are the blue whales

(D) known as the blue whales

5. ______________ the previous generations, millenials tend to find it difficult to buy a home

(A) Not like

(B) Unlike

(D) Never like

6. High stress level can disrupt someone's sleep cycle ______________ insomnia

(A) often leads to

(B) is often leading to

(D) which often leads to

7. When economy deteriorates, people tend to be more careful with their money, which often ______________ the decline of consummer spending

(A) result into

(B) resulting

(D) results in

8. ______________ as a misdemeanor in many states, jaywalking can actually cause a fatal accident

(A) Often considered

(B) Considering

(D) Considered often

9. People who suffer from dyslexia reverse the letters of words ______________

(A) they read

(B) when reading

(D) are reading

10. Displayed at the British Museum ______________

(A) a red chalk drawing by Michael Angelo

(B) Michael Angelo was drawing a red chalk

(D) a red chalk drawing is by Michael Angelo

11. One of many things that a trojan can do _______________ is creating backdoors

(A) once it infects a computer

(B) as it infects

(D) when infects

12. Aluminium is preferred by car manufacturers over steel _______________ it is lighter, more durable, more pliable, and less costly

(A) because of

(B) due to

(D) because

13. Dogs cannot eat chocolate because it contains theobromine, a substance _______________ kill them

(A) actually can

(B) that actually can

(D) that can actually

14. If a contagious disease _______________, the government would have to start a quarantine and contain the disease

(A) were spreading

(B) were to spread

(D) spreads

15. The more junk food we eat, _______________

(A) the more our health will be compromised

(B) more health will be compromised

(D) health will be more compromised

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Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk pengerjaan soal-soal Written Expression, klik tautan berikut: Written Expression